What are the classifications of solar power generation systems?

1. Solar power generation system - Solar photovoltaic power generation

Solar power generation is a method of generating electricity that does not require the direct conversion of light energy into electricity through thermal processes. This includes photovoltaic power generation, photochemical power generation, photo induced power generation, and photobiological power generation. Photovoltaic power generation is a direct power generation method that utilizes solar grade semiconductor electronic devices to effectively absorb solar radiation energy and convert it into electrical energy. It is the mainstream of solar power generation today. The development of photochemistry includes electrochemical photovoltaic cells, photovoltaic solar cells, and photovoltaic cells. Currently, the actual application is photovoltaic cells.

The solar power generation system mainly consists of solar cells, batteries, controllers, and inverters. Among them, solar cells are the core part of solar power generation systems, and the quality and cost of solar panels directly determine the quality and cost of the entire system. Solar cells are mainly divided into crystalline silicon cells and thin film cells. Electronics include monocrystalline silicon cells, polycrystalline silicon cells, mainly amorphous silicon solar cells, copper ingot solar cells, and bromine solar cells.

The photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cells is about 15%, up to 23%, which is the highest among solar cells, but the manufacturing cost is relatively high. The lifespan of monocrystalline silicon solar cells is generally 15 years, with a length of 25 years. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is 14%~16%. Compared with monocrystalline silicon solar cells, the production cost is lower, so it has made great development. However, the lifespan of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is shorter than that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells.

2. Solar power generation system - solar thermal power generation

The power generation method of converting solar radiation energy into electricity through water or other working fluids and devices is called solar power generation. There are two methods: first, convert solar energy into thermal energy, and then convert the heat into electrical energy. One is to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy. For example, the development of temperature differences in semiconductors or metal materials, the development of thermoelectric and thermoelectric ions in vacuum devices, alkali metal thermoelectric conversion, and the development of magnetic fluids. Another method is to generate electricity by turning on solar energy (such as a steam turbine) to drive a generator. This is similar to existing thermal power generation, but its heat does not come from fuel, but from solar energy. There are various types of solar power generation, mainly including tower systems, slot systems, disk systems, solar cells, and solar tower thermal airflow power generation. The first three are concentrated solar power generation systems, and the last two are non concentrated solar power generation systems. Some developed countries have made solar power generation technology a focus of national research and development, and have established dozens of various solar power generation demonstration power stations, achieving the practical application level of grid connected power generation.

At present, the world's promising solar power generation systems are roughly divided into slot parabolic focus systems, solar tower focus systems, and circular parabolic focus systems. The three possible forms in terms of technology and economy are 30-80MW parabolic solar power generation technology (parabolic). The 30-200MW integration focuses on central receiving solar power generation technology (known as central receiving). The integration of 7.5 to 25 kilowatts is concentrated on parabolic solar power generation technology (parabolic panels).